L-Glutamine
A conditionally-essential amino acid. L-glutamine is one of the most abundant amino acids in the body and participates in a wide variety of metabolic reactions. Glutamine is particularly important in the gut, where it functions as an energy source for the cells lining the small intestine. It also helps maintain glucose homeostasis and acid-base balance, and is needed for the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids.
Glutamine is a common bodybuilding supplement, although it appears to have little impact on muscle growth or performance. Supplemental glutamine does, however, have therapeutic uses for critically ill/injured patients. Supplemental glutamine may also enhance the secretion of growth hormone.
For more information, see Paul’s article, “L-Glutamine: Potent Appetite Suppressant, Craving Killer & More!“
D-Mannose
A simple sugar found in certain foods, such as cranberries. It’s been suggested that D-mannose contributes to the beneficial effects cranberries have in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Mannose is promoted as a “glyconutrient” by certain multi-level marketing companies (such as Mannatech), despite the lack of evidence for such claims.
D-mannose is related to the sugar alcohol mannitol.
Medium Chain Triglycerides
Abbreviated MCTs. Medium chain triglycerides contain shorter chain fatty acids than conventional fats do: generally, the fatty acids are 6 – 12 carbons in length. MCTs are more easily metabolized than long chain triglycerides, and are slightly lower in calories. MCTs are also more thermogenic than long chain triglycerides, which is why they’re often added to certain reduced carb foods/supplements.
MCTs are primarily sourced from coconut oil, and are technically saturated fats.
