Yohimbine
An alkaloid that’s the active principle in yohimbe (bark of the African tree, Pausinystalia yohimbe). Yohimbine hydrochloride is sold as a prescription drug for erectile dysfunction. Yohimbine is also used to treat xerostomia (dry mouth). Yohimbine (either in standardized form or as yohimbe bark extract) is frequently used in “male enhancement” products, as well as fat loss supplements. Yohimbine stimulates...
Zingiber officinale
See Ginger.
Urtica dioica
Also known as Stinging Nettle. Urtica dioica has been used as a folk medicine for centuries. Stinging nettle extracts are also used as an alternative therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, or enlarged prostate). Cell culture experiments have shown that Urtica extracts can inhibit the binding activity of SHBG (sex hormone binding globulin). SHBG binds to testosterone, and high levels limit the amount of free testosterone able...
Zeaxanthin
A carotenoid, which – like lutein – concentrates in the lens and retina, and exerts protective effects against age-related macular degeneration and cataract formation. Zeaxanthin is found with lutein in dark green leafy vegetables and (also like lutein), has no pro-vitamin A activity. See the Linus Pauling Institute Micronutrient Information Center for...
Vinpocetine
An alkaloid derived from periwinkle that affects cerebral blood flow, memory and learning. Vinpocetine is often added to pre-workout, stimulant blends designed to improve focus, concentration and training drive. For more information, see “A Review of Nutrients and Botanicals in the Integrative Management of Cognitive Dysfunction” in the Alternative Medicine Review.
Ubiquinone, Ubiquinol
See: Coenzyme Q10.
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