Inositol Hexaphosphate
Also known as phytic acid, “IP6” or “myo-inositol.” Inositol Hexaphosphate is a naturally occurring metabolite in both plant foods (whole grains, legumes, nuts/seeds) and mammalian cells, where it’s synthesized from the dietary nutrient inositol. IP6 is a chelating agent that can bind to divalent cations such as copper, iron, magnesium, zinc and calcium. Thus, it plays paradoxical roles in human...
Guggulsterone(s)
Guggulsterone (4,17(20)-pregnadien-3,16-dione) is a plant sterol that’s thought to be the active principle in guggul lipid – the resin of the medicinal plant, Commiphora mukul. In Ayurvedic medicine, guggul lipid is used as a treatment for gout, arthritis, inflammation and obesity. Guggul extracts also have potential lipid-lowering and thyroid stimulating effects. Guggulsterone – either in the form of standardized...
Hydroxycitric Acid (HCA)
The active ingredient in Garcinia cambogia. HCA is an inhibitor of ATP-citrate lyase, an enzyme needed for the de novo synthesis of fatty acids. Garcinia cambogia extracts standardized for HCA are often added to fat loss supplements, although their efficacy is debatable. See Paul’s review: “Citrimax / Hydroxycitric Acid (HCA): Does Citrimax Block Carbs?” for more...
Garcinia cambogia
A tree native to Southeast Asia. The fruit is used in traditional medicine as well as a food. The rind is rich in hydroxycitric acid (HCA), which can inhibit ATP citrate lyase, a key enzyme in the synthesis of fatty acids. Garcinia cambogia extracts are often added to fat loss supplements for this reason, as well as its reputed ability to suppress appetite. Its effects on fat loss are debatable, however…a large scale study...
Grape Seed Extract
Grape seeds are rich sources of antioxidant phytochemicals, including resveratrol and procyanidins (also known as oligomeric proanthocyanidins, or OPCs). Although it’s been studied more intensively in in-vitro and animal models, experimental evidence suggests grape seed extract could have beneficial effects on LDL cholesterol and high blood pressure. It may also have anti-tumor activity, as well as therapeutic benefits in...
Fadogia agrestis
A Nigerian shrub used in traditional medicine as an aphrodisiac and treatment for erectile dysfunction. An extract of the stems was found to increase serum testosterone and sexual activity in rats, although it caused adverse testicular effects at high doses. Fadogia agrestis is being added to various “male” enhancement products and T-boosters, although there is no data on its efficacy in...
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