Daidzein
An isoflavone found in a number of plants, although soy is the primary food source. Daidzein is a phytoestrogen, and exerts weak estrogenic effects in animal studies. Intestinal bacteria play an important role in daidzein metabolism, which metabolize it to equol and/or O-desmethylangolensin – which are more biologically active than the parent compound. Equol is thought to have protective effects against both breast and...
Avena sativa
The botanical name for oats. Avena sativa extracts are often added to “male enhancement” and testosterone-boosting bodybuilding supplements, due to claims that they reduce SHBG (sex-hormone binding globulin) and increase libido. Unfortunately, there is zero credible science behind these claims. Nonetheless, oat extracts have therapeutic uses. Oats are rich in beta-glucan: a soluble fiber that can help reduce serum...
Choline Alfoscerate
See Alpha-Glycerophosphocholine.
Alpha Glycerophosphocholine
Abbreviated Alpha-GPC; also known as choline alfoscerate. Alpha-GPC is a derivative of the essential nutrient choline. Choline serves a number vital functions, including maintaining the structure/function of cell membranes, normalizing homocysteine levels (via a metabolite, betaine), and serving as a precursor for acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter important to learning and memory. Alpha-GPC has neuroprotective and cognitive...
Alpha-Lipoic Acid
A potent antioxidant that can increase insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal in human and animal models. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is also frequently added to creatine transport formulas as research has shown it improves creatine uptake. ALA may have therapeutic applications. For example, animal experiments have shown a combination of ALA and acetyl-l-carnitine can mitigate age-related mitochondrial decay. It may also be useful for...
Beta-Ecdysone
See 20-Hydroxyecdysone.
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