Arginine Alpha-Ketoglutarate
Also known as AKG or AAKG. Arginine alpha-ketoglutarate is a salt composed of 2 molecules of the conditionally-essential amino acid L-arginine, plus alpha-ketoglutarate, a Krebs Cycle intermediate and nitrogen transporter (via conversion to L-glutamate). AKG is frequently used in nitric oxide (NO) boosting bodybuilding supplements to increase muscle pump during workouts. See Paul’s review, “An Introduction to Nitric...
L-Arginine
A conditionally-essential amino acid that’s a component of proteins, substrate for nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, and urea cycle intermediate. Experimentally, supplemental L-arginine has been shown to increase resting (but not exercise-induced) growth hormone production and improve exercise tolerance in patients with congestive heart...
Alpha-Carotene
A member of the carotenoid family of antioxidants with provitamin A activity. The vitamin A of alpha-carotene is approx. one-half that of beta-carotene, the best-known carotenoid in the family. Like beta-carotene, alpha-carotene is most abundant in orange/yellow vegetables and fruits, such as carrots, pumpkin and winter...
Carotenoids
A large group of red/yellow/orange fat-soluble plant pigments that exert a variety of beneficial health effects. Food sources of carotenoids include carrots, spinach, pumpkin, tomatoes, sweet potatoes, watermelon and kale. For more information, see the Linus Pauling Institute Micronutrient Information...
Acetyl-L-Carnitine
A derivative of l-carnitine, an amino acid-derived compound that’s essential for fat metabolism. Acetyl-l-carnitine is marketed as an anti-aging nutrient, as it has neuroprotective effects and—in combination with alpha-lipoic acid—has been shown to reduce oxidative stress and mitochondrial decay associated with...
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